PRIMARY SOURCES

• Anon. 1904. Sights, Scenes and Wonders at the World's fair; official book of views of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. St. Louis, Official Photographic Company [c1904]
• Boulton, Laura. 1969. The Music Hunter: The Autobiography of a Career. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.
• Densmore, Frances. 1915. “The Study of Indian Music.” The Musical Quarterly 1(2):187-197.
• Densmore, Frances. 2008. "Frances Densmore and the documentation of American Indian songs and poetry” Music in the USA: A documentary companion, ed. Judith Tick and Paul Beaudoin. New York, NY, U.S.A.: Oxford University Press. 352-356. 
• Fillmore, John Comfort. 1893. “Report on the Structural Peculiarities of the Music” from Alice C. Fletcher A Study of Omaha Indian Music. Archaeological and Ethnological Papers of the Peabody Museum, vol. 1, no. 5. Cambridge, Mass. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. 59-77. 
• Fillmore, John Comfort. 1894. "Primitive Scales and Rhythms." Memoirs of the International Congress of Anthropology, ed. by C. Staniland Wake, pp. 158-175. Chicago: The Schulte Publishing Co. 
• Fletcher, Alice C. 1892. Hae-thu-ska Society of the Omaha Tribe. Journal of American Folklore 5: 135-144.
• Fletcher, Alice C. with Frances La Flesche. 1893. A Study of Omaha Indian Music with a Report on the Structural Peculiarities of the Music by John Comfort Fillmore. Archaeological and Ethnological Papers of the Peabody Museum 1(5). Cambridge, Mass.: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology.  
• Fletcher, Alice C. 1900. Indian Story and Song from North America. Small Maynard & Company.  

SECONDARY SOURCES: ORDERED BY TOPICS

INTRODUCTION TO DECOLONIALITY 

• Levitz, Tamara. 2017. “Decolonizing the Society for American Music.” Society for American Music Bulletin 43 (3).
• Robinson, Dylan, Kanonhsyonne Janice C. Hill, Armand Garnet Ruffo, Selena Couture, & Lisa Cooke Ravensbergen. 2019. “Rethinking the Practice and Performance of Indigenous Land Acknowledgement.” Canadian Theatre Review 177: 20-30.
• Simpson, Leanne Betasamosake. 2013. Islands of Decolonial Love. Arbeiter Ring Publishing. 
• Tuck, Eve, and K. Wayne Yang. 2012. “Decolonization Is Not a Metaphor.” Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 1 (1): 1–40.

ENGAGEMENT WITH INDIGENOUS SONIC PRACTICES

• Levine, Victoria Lindsay, ed. 2002. Writing American Indian Music: Historic Transcriptions, Notations, and Arrangements. Middleton, Wis.: Published for the American Musicological Society by A-R Editions, Inc.
• Levine, Victoria Lindsay, and Dylan Robinson, eds. 2019. Music and Modernity among First Peoples of North America. Middletown, Connecticut : Wesleyan University Press.
• Pisani, Michael V. 2005. Imagining Native America in Music. New Haven: Yale University Press. 
• Robinson, Dylan. 2020. Hungry Listening: Resonant Theory for Indigenous Sound Studies. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press. 
• Troutman JW. 2009. Indian Blues: American Indians and the Politics of Music, 1879–1934. Norman: Univ. Okla.Press

COLONIAL TECHNOLOGIES: PHONOGRAPH, TRANSCRIPTION

• Chanan, Michael. 1995. Repeated Takes: A Short History of Recording and Its Effects on Music. London: Verso.
• Farrell, Gerry. 1993. “The Early Days of the Gramophone Industry in India: Historical, Social and Musical Perspectives.” British Journal of Ethnomusicology 2: 31-53.
• Gelatt, Roland. 1977. The Fabulous Phonograph, 1877-1977. New York: Macmillan. 
• Gronow, Pekka. 1981. “The Record Industry Comes to the Orient.” Ethnomusicology 25(2): 251-84.
• Gronow, Pekka. 1982. “Ethnic recordings: an introduction.” In Ethnic Recordings in America (Washington DC)
• Gronow, Pekka. 1983. “The Record Industry: The Growth of a Mass Medium.” Popular Music 3: 53-76.
• Gronow, Pekka. 1996. The Recording Industry: An Ethnomusicological Approach. Tampere, Finland: University of Tampere.  
• Inoue, Toshiya. 1977. “The Record Industry in Japan,” in Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 25(10-11): 802-5.
• Jones, Andrew F. 2001. “The Gramophone in China.” In Yellow Music: Media Culture and Colonial Modernity in the Chinese Jazz Age. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 53-72. 
• Joshi, G. N. 1988. “A Concise History of the Phonograph Industry in India.” Popular Music 7(2): 147-156.Laing, Dave. 1991. “A Voice Without a Face: Popular Music and the Phonograph in the 1890s.” Popular Music 10: 1-9.
• Kinnear, Michael. 1994. The Gramophone Company’s First Indian Recordings, 1899-1908. Bombay: Popular Prakashan PVT. Ltd.
• Kittler, Friedrich. 1999. Gramophone, Film, Typewriter. Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
• Pasler, Jan. 2014. "Sonic Anthropology in 1900: The Challenge of Transcribing Non-Western Music and Language” Twentieth-Century Music 11(1)
• Qureshi, Regula. 1998. “His Master’s Voice? Exploring Qawwali and “Gramophone Culture’ in South Asia.” Popular Music 18(1): 63-98.
• Racy, Ali Jihad. 1976. “Record Industry and Egyptian Traditional Music: 1904-1932.” Ethnomusicology 20(1): 23-48.
• Read, Oliver and Walter L. Welch. 1976. From Tin Foil to Stereo. Indianapolis: Sams.
• Sterne, Jonathan. 2003. “A Resonant Tomb” The Audible Past: Cultural Origins of Sound Reproduction. Duke University Press. 287-333.
• Tan Sooi Beng. 1997. “The 78 RPM Record Industry in Malaya Prior to World War II.” Asian Music 28 (1): 1-41. 
• Taussig, Michael. 1993. “The Talking Machine.” In Mimesis and Alterity: A Particular History of the Senses. New York: Routledge. 193-211.
• Taussig, Michael. 1993. “His Master's Voice.” In Mimesis and Alterity: A Particular History of the Senses. New York: Routledge. 212-236.

COLONIAL FORMS OF KNOWLEDGE: WORLD'S FAIRS

GENERAL

• Bloembergen, Marieke. 2006. Colonial Spectacle: The Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies at the World Exhibitions, 1880–1931. Singapore: Singapore University Press.
• Breckenridge, Carol. 1989. “The Aesthetics and Politics of Colonial Collecting: India at World Fairs.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 31(2):195–216.
• Corbey, Raymond. 1993. “Ethnographic Showcases, 1870–1930.” Cultural Anthropology 8(3): 338–69.
• Greenhalgh, Paul. 1988. Ephemeral Vistas: the Expositions Universelles, Great Exhibitions, and World's Fairs, 1851-1939. Manchester University Press. 
• Rydell, Robert W. 1984. All the World's a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876-1916. University of Chicago Press. 
• Trafford, Emily. 2015. "Hitting the Trail: Live Displays of Native American, Filipino, and Japanese People at the Portland World's Fair” Oregon Historical Quarterly 116(2):158-195.

GAMELAN AT WORLD'S FAIRS

• Fauser, Annegret. 2005. Musical Encounters at the 1889 Paris World's Fair. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.
• Parker, Sylvia. 2012. “Claude Debussy's Gamelan” College Music Symposium 52: no pages indicated. 
• Spiller, Henry. 2015.  “Roots of American "Javas": the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition.” Javaphilia: American love affairs with Javanese music and dance. 26-55.
• Spiller, Henry. 1996. "Continuity in Sundanese Dance Drumming: Clues from the 1893 Chicago Exposition.” The World of Music 38(2)23-40. 
• Sumarsam. 2013. "Deterritorializing and Appropriating Gamelan” Javanese Gamelan & the West. Boydell & Brewer. 77-114.
• Terwen, Jan Willem. 2009. Gamelan in the 19th century Netherlands: an encounter between East and West. Koninklijke VNM, Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis. [see “The Gamelan in Arnhem,” 73-102 and “The Gamelan in Amsterdam (1883) and other European cities” 145-166.] 

LOUISIANA PURCHASE [ST. LOUIS] 1904 WORLD FAIR

• Medak-Saltzman, Danika. 2010. “Transnational Indigenous Exchange: Rethinking Global Interactions of Indigenous Peoples at the 1904 St. Louis Exposition.” American Quarterly 62(3): 591-615.
• Moon, Krystn. 2010. "The Quest for Music’s Origin at the St. Louis World’s Fair: Frances Densmore and the Racialization of Music" American Music 28(2): 191-210.
• Parezo, Nancy J., and Don D. Fowler. 2007. Anthropology goes to the fair: the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition. University of Nebraska Press. 
• Talusan, Mary. 2004. "Music, Race, and Imperialism: The Philippine Constabulary Band at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair” Philippine Studies 52(4):499-526.

INDIVIDUALS DISCUSSED IN THIS SITE

• Hart, Mickey. 2003. "Musical Tradewinds" in Songcatchers: In Search of the World’s Music. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic. 70-93. 

• Archabal, Nina Marchetti. 1977. "Frances Densmore: pioneer in the study of American Indian music." Women of Minnesota: Selected Biographical Essays. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society. 94-115.
• Hofmann, Charles. 1946. “Frances Densmore and the Music of the American Indian” The Journal of American Folklore 59 (231): 45-50.
• Jensen, Joan M. 2015. “Gone but Not Quite Forgotten” Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 242-283. 
• Jensen, Joan M., & Michelle Wick Patterson, eds. 2015. Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 
• Jensen, Joan M., & Michelle Wick Patterson. 2015. “Introduction: Traveling with Frances Densmore." Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 1-25. 
• Jensen, Joan M., & Michelle Wick Patterson. 2015. “Conclusion: A Picture is Worth Deconstructing." Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 409-420. 
• Khesti, Roshanak. 2015. "The female sound collector and her talking machine” in Modernity's Ear: Listening to Race and Gender in World Music. New York: New York University Press. 15-38.
• Moon, Krystn. 2010. "The Quest for Music’s Origin at the St. Louis World’s Fair: Frances Densmore and the Racialization of Music" American Music 28(2):191-210. 
• Patterson, Michelle Wick. 2015. “She Always Said, ‘I Heard an Indian Drum’" Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 29-64.
• Patterson, Michelle Wick. 2015. "Becoming Two White Buffalo Woman” Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 65-117.
• Samuels, David W. 2019. "The oldest songs they remember: Frances Densmore, Mountain Chief, and ethnomusicology's ideologies of modernity.” in Music and Modernity among First Peoples of North America. Middletown, CT, U.S.A.: Wesleyan University Press. 13-30.
• Samuels, David W. & Thomas Porcello. 2011. "Thinking about Frances Densmore” Anthropology News 52(1):7. 
• Smith, Stephen. 2013. 'Song Catcher: Frances Densmore of Red Wing' Minnesota Public Radio May 6. http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/199702/01_smiths_densmore/docs/index.shtml (last accessed, January 7, 2021)
• Smith, Stephen. [1994] 2013. "MPR documentaries: 'Song Catcher: Frances Densmore of Red Wing' and 'Artist Charles Biederman.'" Minnesota Public Radio. May 15. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2013/05/15/mpr-documentaries-song-catcher-frances-densmore-of-red-wing-and-artist-charles-biederman (last accessed, January 7, 2021) 
• Thorne, Stephanie. 2015. "Songs of Healing: Music Therapy of Native America, a Medical Ethnomusicology Study” Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 302-315. 
• Troutman, JW. 2009. Section “Frances Densmore and the Influence of Ethnologists within the OIA [Office of Indian Affairs]” in “Learning the Music of Indianness” Indian Blues: American Indians and the Politics of Music, 1879–1934. Norman: Univ. Okla.Press. 151-200 [section 158-166].
• Woolworth, Nancy L. 2015. “Miss Densmore Meets the Ojibwes: Frances Densmore’s Ethnomusicology Studies among the Grand Portage Ojibwes in 1905” Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 287-301.

• Pantaleoni, Hewitt. 1985. "A Reconsideration of Fillmore Reconsidered” American Music 3(2):217-228.
• McNutt, James C. 1984. "John Comfort Fillmore: A Student of Indian Music Reconsidered.” American Music 2(1): 61-70. 

• Omaha Indian Music, Library of Congress. "About This Collection" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/about-this-collection/  (last accessed January 5, 2021) 
• Dorothy Sara Lee and Maria La Vigna, eds. Omaha Indian Music: Historical Recordings from the Fletcher/La Flesche Collection. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1985. LP Record. AFCL71. 
  • Excerpts included on Library of Congress Site. 
    • "Omaha Indian Music" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/articles-and-essays/omaha-indian-music-album-booklet/omaha-indian-music/ (last accessed January 5, 2021)
    • Dennis Hastings, Omaha Tribal Archivist at The Library of Congress October 24, 1984, "Reflections on the Omaha Cylinder Recordings" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/articles-and-essays/omaha-indian-music-album-booklet/reflections-on-the-omaha-cylinder-recordings/  (last accessed January 5, 2021) 
    • Erika Brady, recording technician for the Federal Cylinder Project, "Album Technical Note" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/articles-and-essays/omaha-indian-music-album-booklet/album-technical-note/  (last accessed January 5, 2021)
    • "Album Acknowledgments" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/articles-and-essays/omaha-indian-music-album-booklet/album-acknowledgments/  (last accessed January 5, 2021)
    • "Selected Bibliography from Album" https://www.loc.gov/collections/omaha-indian-music/articles-and-essays/omaha-indian-music-album-booklet/selected-bibliography-from-album/ (last accessed January 5, 2021)

• Graber, Katie. 2017. “Francis La Flesche and Ethnography: Writing, Power, Critique” Ethnomusicology 61( 1): 115-139.
• Green, Norma Kidd. 1969. Iron Eye's Family: The Children of Joseph La Flesche. Lincoln, Nebraska: Johnson Publishing Company.
• Liberty, Margot. 1976. "Native American 'Informants': The Contribution of Francis La Flesche." In American Anthropology: The Early Years, ed. by John V. Murra, pp. 99-110. 1974 Proceedings of the American Ethnological Society. St. Paul: West Publishing Co. 
• Liberty, Margot. 1978. "Francis La Flesche: The Osage Odyssey." In American Indian Intellectuals, ed. by Margot Liberty, pp. 45-59. 1976 Proceedings of the American Ethnological Society. St. Paul: West Publishing Co.
• Mark, Joan. 1982. "Francis La Flesche: The American Indian as Anthropologist." Isis 73:497-510.
• Walcott, Ronald. 1981. "Francis La Flesche: American Indian Scholar." Folklife Center News 4(3): 1, 10-11.
• Wilson, Dorothy Clarke. 1974. Bright Eyes: The Story of Susette La Flesche, an Omaha Indian. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

STRATEGIES FOR MOVING TO UNDO COLONIALIST LEGACIES

• Brady, Erika, Maria La Vigna, Dorothy Sara Lee, and Thomas Vennum, Jr. 1984. The Federal Cylinder Project: A Guide to Field Cylinder Collections in Federal Agencies. Vol. 1: Introduction and Inventory. Studies in American Folklife, no. 3, vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress.
• Fox, Aaron. 2013. “Repatriation as Re-Animation Through Reciprocity” in The Cambridge History of World Music, Vol. 1 (North America). 522-554.
• Fox, Aaron. 2016. “Decolonizing the Discipline Through Archival Repatriation: an Interview with Aaron Fox.” SEM Student News 12 (2):38-40.
• Gray, Judith A., 1996. “Returning Music to the Makers: The  Library of Congress, American Indians, and the Federal Cylinder Project” Cultural Survival: Partnering with Indigenous Peoples to Defend their Lands, Languages, and Cultures. Volume 20, no. 4. https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/returning-music-makers-library-congress-american-indians (last accessed January 5, 2021)
• Gray, Judith. 2015. “An Archival Dilemma: The Densmore Cylinder Recording Speeds” Travels with Frances Densmore: Her life, Work, and Legacy in Native American Studies, ed. Joan M. Jensen & Michelle Wick Patterson. Lincoln: Univ. Of Nebraska Press. 362-383.
• Gray, Robin R. R. 2019. “Repatriation and Decolonization: Thoughts on Ownership, Access, and Control” The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation, Edited by Frank Gunderson, Robert C. Lancefield, and Bret Woods.
• Gunderson, Frank, and Bret Woods. 2018. “Pathways toward Open Dialogues about Sonic Heritage: An Introduction to The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation” The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation, Edited by Frank Gunderson, Robert C. Lancefield, and Bret Woods. 
• Gunderson, Frank, Robert C. Lancefield, and Bret Woods, eds. 2019. The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation. Oxford Univ. Press. 
• Hall, Stephanie. 2013. "Indigenous American Cylinder Recordings and the American Folklife Center." Folklife Today. November 27, 2103. https://blogs.loc.gov/folklife/2013/11/indigenous-american-cylinder-recordings-and-the-american-folklife-center/  (last accessed January 5, 2021)
• Jaakola, Lyz,  and Timothy B. Powell. 2019. “‘The Songs Are Alive’: Bringing Frances Densmore’s Recordings Back Home to Ojibwe Country.” The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation, Edited by Frank Gunderson, Robert C. Lancefield, and Bret Woods. 
• Jabbour, Alan. 2008. "A sidebar into national cultural policy: The Federal Cylinder Project” Music in the USA: A Documentary Companion, ed. Judith Tick and Paul Beaudoin. New York, NY, U.S.A.: Oxford University Press. 357-360.
• Kim, Tammy E. 2019. “The Passamaquoddy Reclaim Their Culture Through Digital Repatriation” The New Yorker. January 30. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/the-passamaquoddy-reclaim-their-culture-through-digital-repatriation (last accessed January 5, 2021)
• Landau, Carolyn  & Janet Topp Fargion. 2012. “We’re all Archivists Now: Towards a more Equitable Ethnomusicology” Ethnomusicology Forum 21(2): 125-140. 
• Lee, Sam. 2016. "Taking it all Back Home" Podcast, Sunday Feature, BBC. April 3. 45mins. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b075p6n9 (last accessed Jan 6, 2021) 
• Reed, Trevor. 2019. “Reclaiming Ownership of the Indigenous Voice: The Hopi Music Repatriation Project” The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation, Edited by Frank Gunderson, Robert C. Lancefield, and Bret Woods.
• Sakakibara, Chie. 2018. “Collaborative Reciprocity Revisited: Giving Back through the Community-Partnered Iñupiaq Music Heritage Repatriation Project” in Giving Back: Research and Reciprocity in Indigenous Settings, ed. by rdk herman. Oregon State University. 109-127.